MicroRNA acts as tiny "gene regulators" in cells. They are produced and activated when less of a specific protein is needed. When this happens, microRNA binds to messenger RNA (mRNA), preventing the production of that protein. This process helps the cell control how much of a protein is made at the right time. Different signals from the body, like stress, nutrient levels, or illness, can affect microRNA activity. In this way, microRNA fine-tunes gene expression, similar to how a conductor directs an orchestra.

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