Petrelintide, also known as ZP8396, is a long-acting amylin analog being developed by Zealand Pharma for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. It is administered as a weekly subcutaneous injection and mimics amylin, a hormone co-released with insulin that helps regulate satiety and food intake.

In June 2024, Zealand Pharma reported positive results from a 16-week Phase 1b clinical study, where participants receiving high doses of petrelintide experienced an average weight loss of 8.6%, compared to 1.7% in the placebo group. The treatment was well-tolerated, with no serious side effects reported. Based on these results, a Phase 2b study is planned for the second half of 2024, and Zealand Pharma is seeking partnerships with larger pharmaceutical companies to support the development and distribution of petrelintide.

Petrelintide may offer an alternative to GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Zepbound), with potential for similar weight loss results and improved tolerance. By acting on amylin receptors and enhancing leptin sensitivity, it presents a new therapeutic approach for weight management.

Amylin, a hormone produced by the pancreas's beta cells, is released with insulin when blood glucose rises. Its functions include:

  • Slowing gastric emptying: Amylin delays the release of food into the small intestine, helping to prevent rapid spikes in blood glucose.
  • Regulating satiety: Amylin contributes to feelings of fullness by signaling the brain that the body is satisfied, which can reduce appetite.
  • Decreasing glucagon release: Amylin inhibits glucagon, helping to stabilize blood glucose levels after meals.

In type 1 diabetes and advanced type 2 diabetes, amylin production is often greatly reduced or absent, which can lead to challenges in managing both blood sugar and appetite. Amylin analogs, like petrelintide, are therefore of interest to replicate the hormone’s functions, supporting blood sugar control and weight regulation.

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